IoT-Based Smart Home Healthcare Monitoring and Nursing Assistance Device for Remote Patient Care: A Comprehensive Review

Abstract

The increasing prevalence of chronic diseases, aging populations, and the growing demand for continuous healthcare services have accelerated the development of smart home healthcare systems. Internet of Things (IoT)-based healthcare technologies enable real-time monitoring of physiological parameters, environmental conditions, and patient activities within home environments, thereby reducing the dependency on prolonged hospital stays and improving the quality of remote healthcare services. Smart home healthcare monitoring systems integrate wearable sensors, wireless communication technologies, cloud computing, artificial intelligence, and mobile health applications to collect, analyse, and transmit patient health data to healthcare professionals for timely intervention. These systems facilitate early disease detection, emergency response, medication adherence, fall detection, and continuous nursing support while promoting independent living among elderly individuals and patients with chronic illnesses.
Nursing assistance devices integrated with IoT technologies significantly enhance patient care by automating routine monitoring tasks, reducing caregiver workload, and enabling personalized healthcare management. Advanced biosensors continuously monitor vital signs such as heart rate, blood pressure, body temperature, blood oxygen saturation, respiratory rate, and glucose levels. The collected data are securely transmitted to cloud-based healthcare platforms where intelligent algorithms identify abnormalities and generate alerts for healthcare providers and family members. Moreover, machine learning and artificial intelligence improve predictive healthcare by identifying disease progression patterns and supporting clinical decision-making.