A Mini Review on the Challenges of Biomedical Waste Disposal During COVID-19 in India

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic led to a substantial increase at biomedical trash generation across India, causing major environmental and public health challenges. The excessive volume of infectious waste created significant strain on existing waste management systems, resulting in risks associated with incineration, uncontrolled dumping, raw sewage discharge, and inadequate treatment capacity. Data from the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) indicated which biomedical waste formation rose from 183 daily tonnage in September 2020 to 203 tonnes per day in May 2021. Additionally, the nationwide vaccination drive further contributed to waste accumulation through single-use syringes and discarded vials. Effective biomedical waste management became crucial to prevent secondary infections and environmental contamination. The government faced multiple challenges in maintaining safe disposal practices, while public awareness regarding proper segregation and disposal of infectious waste remained limited. Strengthening waste management infrastructure and community education is essential for sustainable public health protection during and beyond pandemic situations.