A Study to Assess the Knowledge Regarding Prevention and Management of Heat Stroke Among Road Side Workers in National Highways 48 (NH-48) at Chennai to Bangalore

Abstract

Heat stroke is a life-threatening medical emergency resulting from prolonged exposure to high environmental temperatures and inadequate thermoregulation. Individuals engaged in outdoor occupations, particularly roadside workers, are at an increased risk due to continuous exposure to extreme heat and strenuous physical activity. This study aimed to assess the knowledge regarding the prevention and management of heat stroke among roadside workers along National Highway 48 (NH-48) from Chennai to Bangalore and to determine the association between their knowledge and selected demographic variables. A quantitative approach with a non-experimental descriptive survey design was adopted for the study. A total of 50 roadside workers were selected using an appropriate sampling technique. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire that assessed knowledge related to the causes, risk factors, signs and symptoms, preventive measures, and first-aid management of heat stroke. The collected data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings revealed that 26% of the participants had inadequate knowledge, 72% had moderately adequate knowledge, and only 2% had adequate knowledge regarding the prevention and management of heat stroke. Chi-square analysis demonstrated a statistically significant association between the level of knowledge and selected demographic variables, including gender, educational status, working hours, and state of residence (p < 0.05). The findings indicate that although the majority of roadside workers possessed a moderate level of knowledge, important deficiencies remain in their understanding of effective preventive measures and emergency management of heat stroke. These knowledge gaps highlight the need for structured health education programmes, workplace awareness campaigns, and regular occupational health training to improve preparedness, encourage early recognition of heat-related illnesses, and reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with heat stroke among roadside workers working in high-temperature environments.